jayson williams is guilty essays

jayson williams is blameworthy articles Previous NBA player Jayson Williams, 36, is completely answerable for the February fourteenth (2002) shooting of Costas Christofi. Christofi, 55, had been recruited to drive Williams' companions from a Bethlehem, Pa. good cause occasion back to his domain. Williams shot Christofi while giving his home visitors a voyage through his Hunterdon County bequest following a night out. Williams' sibling, and eleven different visitors, including four players from the Harlem Globetrotters, were at the house the evening of the shooting. As per the observers who affirmed at the preliminary, while Williams was demonstrating his visitors around his main room, he got a twelve-check shotgun from his firearm bureau, opened it, and afterward yanked it shut. At the point when the firearm shut, it terminated, striking Christofi in the chest. He was discovered shot to death in the main room. Williams was accused of murder and different charges which incorporate thwarting trepidation, proof altering, witn ess altering, creating physical proof and scheme to impede the law for the demise of his limousine driver (Free Press). What is difficult to comprehend is the reason Williams even removed the shotgun from his firearm bureau. Something which is considerably increasingly hard to comprehend is the way he was unable to understand the shotgun was stacked. In the event that he realized it was stacked, might he be able to really be that wild to mess with it. Likewise, for what reason was the firearm in any event, confronting Christofi? There is no uncertainty that he did nott intend to slaughter Christofi, however how might he be so crazy? The way that he shot Christofi isn't even the upsetting part. Christofi's demise was at first revealed as a self destruction, yet it was later administered a murder after a post-mortem examination affirmed it. A 911 tape really uncovers Williams saying that a man ended it all in his home. Williams advised his visitors to concur on saying that Christofi slaughtered himself. During the time wherein Christofi was fired, Williams cleaned down the firearm and afterward attempted to t... <!

Cosmetology and College Search

When needing to be a decent Cosmetologist that individual must have great hard working attitudes as in acting naturally propelled with their work. Cosmetology professions are employments that help someone’s appearance look better after some time as the hair is finished by an authorized specialist (An Introduction to Cosmetology). For somebody to be a decent cosmetologist the individual in question must have an innovative psyche and must be a cordial individual (An Introduction to Cosmetology).When that laborer is working with someone’s hair, the primary concern to recall is to ask the client how the hair will be trimmed and the directions of that individual in every case should be followed so as to keep the client. Cosmetology laborers can win heaps of cash whenever taken the correct way to succeed their potential outcomes in the future.The general undertakings a beautician may do every day and a lot more could incorporate keeping work stations kept clean consistently a nd cleaning hair adornments after each utilization, being certain to ask the client what hairdo they might want and adhere to their guidelines on how they need it, â€Å"look at the hair and give the client two or three thoughts on how the haircut could look†, getting the telephone and accepting clients calls and planning arrangements, â€Å"going through all documents and ensuring they are refreshed with all the clients right information†, being on sales register duty to take the clients cash from them, selling hair care items is a significant segment of this vocation and cosmetologists like to show clients before they leave the salon and exhibit the things that would work best with their hair for them to sell. (School Search and Planning Guide).A cosmetologist can â€Å"make a normal of $11. 21 an hour and make a normal of $43,250 a year† (College Search and Planning Guide). All together for a laborer to make this much they normally have 40 hour work filled we eks. â€Å"In the United States, there are around 349,210 beautician/cosmetology employments offered to individuals in enthusiasm of being a cosmetologist†(College Search and Planning Guide). The workplace for beauticians is 99% in every case clean to fulfill a client in their very own salon or another person that claims that salon (College Search and Planning Guide).

McKinley, William

McKinley, William McKinley, William, 1843â€"1901, 25th president of the United States (1897â€"1901), b. Niles, Ohio. He was educated at Poland (Ohio) Seminary and Allegheny College. After service in the Union army in the Civil War, he returned to Ohio and became a lawyer at Canton. He entered politics and was elected as a Republican to Congress in 1876. As a congressman until 1891 (except for part of one term when his election was declared invalid), he strongly advocated protective tariffs, thus pleasing Ohio industrialists. The highly protective McKinley Tariff Act of 1890 was unpopular and helped to bring about the Republican defeat in 1892. It had already cost McKinley his seat in Congress in the election of 1890, but he had attracted the attention of the powerful capitalist-politician Marcus A. Hanna , who put the force of the efficiently organized Ohio Republican machine behind the ex-congressman. McKinley was elected governor in 1891 and again in 1893. Two years later Hanna along with Charles Dawes began a skillful and successful preconvention campaign to have McKinley nominated by the Republicans for president in 1896. The Democrats took a radical position and nominated William Jennings Bryan with a platform favoring free silver. Although McKinley had earlier favored bimetallism and voted for the Bland-Allison Act, he accepted a platform endorsing the gold standard, and the issue was squarely joined. Many conservative Democrats viewed their party's stand as reckless, and Hanna's handling of the campaign was a masterpiece of adroitness. Conservatism and McKinley won. The Republicans also had control of Congress, and in 1897 a thoroughgoing Republican tariff was adopted. McKinley's election marked the beginning of a period of Republican dominance in American politics that did not end until the 1932 election of Franklin D. Roosevelt . Interest then swung to external affairs. There was much sympathy in the United States for the rebels in Cuba, who were seeking ind ependence from Spain. The destruction of the battleship Maine gave the advocates of war a rallying cry, and McKinley made the decision to ask Congress for a declaration of war. The Spanish-American War was brief, and from it the United States emerged a world power. McKinley directed the peace commissioners to demand the Philippine Islands for the United States. This resulted in the unsuccessful and bloody Philippine insurrection (1899â€"1901) led by Emilio Aguinaldo against U.S. rule. Cuba became a U.S. protectorate. The president also signed the bill to annex Hawaii and supported the Open Door policy in China, thus vigorously advancing the interests of the United States and American commerce. The Currency Act of 1900 consolidated the gold standard policy on which McKinley had been elected in 1896. He was reelected in 1900, but his new administration was short. On Sept. 5, 1901, he addressed the Pan-American Exposition at Buffalo, N.Y., advocating commercial reciprocity amon g nations. The next day he was shot down by an anarchist, Leon Czolgosz , and on Sept. 14 he died. Vice President Theodore Roosevelt succeeded him. See biographies by C. S. Olcott (1916, repr. 1972), W. C. Spielman (1954), K. Phillips (2003), and R. W. Merry (2017); L. L. Gould, The Presidency of William McKinley (1981); S. Miller, The President and the Assassin (2011); K. Rove, The Triumph of William McKinley (2016). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

The main perspectives of quality management - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 14 Words: 4200 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? QUALITY MANAGEMENT PART I Compare and contrast the main perspectives of quality management. What are the major similarities and differences between these perspectives? Introduction to Quality Management According to ISO DIS 9000:2000, quality may be defined as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirementsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. Within the corporate world, it is not only important that organisations conform to quality requirements in the production of goods and services but also maintain quality standards that are acceptable. This is especially true when looked at from the perspective of the customer who feels comfortable interacting with an organisation that upholds its quality standards and prides itself on it. Over time, as organisations seek out customers across global markets, the standardisation of quality became an important issue. Whilst one standard of quality might be acceptable in a country like German y, customers present in a country such as the UK might not understand the compliance levels of that particular country. For precisely this reason, there was a dire need for standardisation of quality compliance at an international level. (Tricker, Ray (2001) ISO 9001:2000 for Small Business, pg: 13-14) History of Quality Management In 1947, the ISO was created as a department within the United Nations. By 1987, the first set of quality standards was produced by the ISO (International Organisation for Standardisation) giving it the name of ISO 9000. The compliance needs within the document were largely taken from the BS5750 and with further guidance notes to ensure that it complied with the requirements of the age. However, there were numerous loopholes in this document with regards to quality compliance needs since organisations didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t necessarily need to conform to particular standards to qualify for the ISO 9000 certification. It was enough that companies document how they intend to address the gaps in their compliance requirements. This allowed organisations to go ahead and produce sub-standard goods as long as there was a mechanism in place to address the quality standards. But customers and management realised over time that this was harmful and an inaccurate depiction of the quality levels of the organisation concerned. Over the next decade, more and more changes were made to the original document and in the year 2000, they were all incorporates into a single document and given the name of ISO 9001:2000, with 2000 signifying the year of the final document. This document goes down better with the final customers and management teams of organisations and paints a more realistic picture of the levels of quality that an organisation conforms to. In addition, this document also assigned responsibility to various management staff to ensure the implementation of the quality processes across the organisation. To provide some indication of this, the initial ISO 9000 document contained 20 areas of fulfilment needs. The new, more updated version of ISO 9001:2000 contains 4 areas of fulfilment needs à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" management responsibility, resource management, product realisation and measurement, analysis and improvement. (Tricker, Ray (2001) ISO 9001:2000 for Small Business, pg: 18-20) Different types of quality management There are different types of quality management standards each intended for a different purpose and hence, have different perspectives. In order to understand the different perspectives, it is important to dwell into the different kinds of quality standards that organisations find themselves faced with. Some of them are listed below and explained in brief: The ISO 9001:2000 is a set of standards that is the most basic and widely acceptable quality standards across the globe. They are intended for any form of business model and ensure that quality standards are met across industry v erticals. They are discussed in further detail in other areas of the paper but it is important to note that their very creation was due to the gaps in the various quality standards that were being utilised so far. To highlight this very fact, the ISO 9001:2000 contains all areas of the ISO 9000:2000, ISO 9001:1994, ISO 9002:1994 and ISO 9003:1994 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" all the amendments were simplified and certified as one into ISO 9001:2000. In addition, there were certain permissible clauses that were incorporated into this new standard to allow greater flexibility to organisations. For instance, in the past, when an organisation required complying with design requirements in the production of its goods and services, they could not comply with the ISO 9002:1994 certification since their requirements werenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t taken into account at the time of drafting the document. However, with the new document, the rationale lies in the fact that with the ever changing business scena rio, there is little that quality standards can constantly adapt to. Hence, it makes more sense to include what is known as an exclusion clause. This enables companies that had processes that did not necessarily fall under the requirements listed by the quality standards to use the exclusion clause and still gain acceptance into the ISO certification. In simplistic terms, the ISO certification has come to be known as an acceptable standard the world over and is also a pre-requisite for some customers. So, in order to do business effectively and with a wider audience, this new change in the ISO 9001:2000 makes very good business sense by taking away any unfair advantage that more process conforming organisations might have. (Shankar, Nitin. K., ISO 9000 for a Small Planet, Quality, Sep2002, Vol. 41 Issue 9, p27, 5p) The ISO 14001 set of quality standards is the equivalent of the UKà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s BS7750 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s first EMS (Environmenta l Management System). This is not a compulsory standard that companies much conform to. It deals with companies and their impact on the environment that surrounds them and with the environment that is not in their immediate vicinity but they can influence none the less. Most organisations have specific equipment to measure and calibrate their research work as well as their product design. In this case, the ISO 10012 standards ensure that quality levels are achieved with regards to the measurement and inspection of equipment that would be used in the design or production of final goods and services. There are a host of other quality standards but for the purpose of this document, we shall limit discussions to the above. (Brown, Tony (1993) Understanding BS5750 and other Quality Systems, pg: 144) Perspectives on the different QM Now, each of the above is driven by different perspectives à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" some of them align themselves to each other and in other cases, they di fferentiate themselves from each other purely due to the end requirement that they have. Similarities Integration There is an overall sense of ensuring that quality standards integrate with the business functions at all levels. This is the case with all the different standards irrespective of the industry vertical. For instance, the ISO 9001:2000 encompasses the need for process measurement and process auditing à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" an important requirements within the ISO 10012 as well. In addition, the ISO 140001 QS (Quality Standards) can also integrate with an organisationsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ ISO 9001:2001 QS requirements. This is done by organisations that take stock of their existing management systems and align them to those required by the two quality standards. Extensions The different quality standards amalgamate with each other as extensions of each otherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s guidelines. For instance, an organisation that produces steel needs to ensure that it co mplies with design standards and instrument compliance under the ISO 10012 and at the same time, comply with ISO 14000 should they want to adhere to their environmental compliance. The good thing is that both of them work by complementing each other as opposed to duplicating their efforts with regards to the quality standards. In more generic circumstances, both ISO 10012 and ISO 140001 can be natural extensions of the ISO 9001:2001 quality standards. Integration In most cases, the implementation of quality standards is highly dependent on the level of integration and involvement that can be achieved within the organisation. When there are changes required to systems and processes, organisations will find that the easiest way to include those changes is through the people themselves. This proves to a more successful approach since it meets with as little resistance as possible to the new changes. At the same time, when changes are implemented by the front-line staff, they are more appreciative of the reasons and the rationale behind the change, making the overall transition from one process to another a lot more smoother and effortless. This is the case with all quality standards and systems and each of them encourage this methodology in contemporary business surroundings. The trick is to empower the employees and allow them to find their way by giving them broad outlines on what is required of them. The commonalities shared by the different standards are primarily because the rationale that they share are common with each ensuring that their guidelines are intended for a singular purpose, which is ensuring that quality standards across functional and cross-industry spheres improve. Differences Organisation It must be remembered that the ISO 9001:2001 quality standards ensure that organisations comply with their processes and it is not scaled across the organisation and its impact to its surroundings. On the other hand, quality standards such as the ISO 14001 ensure that an organisation takes responsibility of ensuring quality across the organisation and beyond. For instance, an organisation that manufactures leather products need to have very strict environmental controls purely because of the pollution caused by the residual products that are produced as a result of the manufacturing process. In this case, organisations need to adhere to the process that drives the production process as well as comply with disposal regulations, waste recycling, takes accountability for the environment that surrounds it and ensures that it takes proactive steps to ensure that there is a cleaner environment as a result. Hence, there are different perspectives for the two quality standards since they address different scales of the organisation. Requirements As discussed above, there are different requirements based on the varying quality standards. These are but natural since each one of them addresses separate issues. Whilst they al l share a common goal at the highest level, on a more grass-root level, they are certainly different in the way they approach the quality requirements across the corporate fraternity. End benefits Whilst some of the quality standards are primarily created to ensure that they improve the level of customer service that is received, others such as the ISO 14001 is primarily targeted at the global issues of environmental degradation and pushes organisations to take responsibility for their actions at a much more wider scale. This is the case after a lot of deliberation over the years of moving towards a single quality standard that encompasses all areas of the organisation and its surrounding environment. The move towards a single standard may or may not happen in the years to come, but the pattern of consolidating the different quality standards seems to dictate that in the near future, organisations would be able to comply with fewer guidelines across different standards and be accredited to fewer certification requirements. In this case, the end benefits would still accrue to the same sources but the road to get there would be different. For instance, an organisation today needs to conform to different quality standards to be able to show its level of certification. As time goes by, this is looking to change where the same organisation need only meet the requirements stated by a single quality standard that encompasses all the areas of the previously different quality standards. Hence, they would look at implementing standards from different beneficiary perspectives but all the requirements would be met as was the case in the past. It must be noted that although there might be several differences in the perspectives of the different quality standards, each of them are at the functional levels. On a more holistic level, the rationale shared is exactly the same since each of them are consumed with the idea of improving the level of quality across organis ations. This provides the overall direction to the different guidelines outlined in the quality standards and then uses this to direct them at a more functional level. (ISO Standard Provides Measurement Management System, Professional Safety; Jul2003, Vol. 48 Issue 7, p10, 1/7p) (EU Seeks to Improve Regulations, Business the Environment with ISO 14000 Updates; May2005, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p14, 5/9p) (Tricker, Ray (2001) ISO 9001:2000 for Small Business, pg: 24-25) PART II Critically evaluate the purpose and intent of quality systems such as ISO 9000:2000à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Purpose and Intent of ISO 9000:2000 The purpose and intent of the ISO 9000:2000 is largely hinged on the fact that there were numerous gaps in the previous quality standards that were documented. The end result was that there was a dire need for a set of guidelines that reached out to all areas of an organisations in todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s contemporary business scenario and addressed al l issues that werenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t in the past, and finally, addressing them with flexible options. The ISO 9000:2000 was finally incorporated into ISO 9001:2000 since it took into account a host of other quality standards mentioned earlier in the paper. There are a variety of objectives that the ISO 9001:2000 aims to satisfy. In the past, the guidelines and requirements of documents were primarily addressed at the manufacturing organisations and the processes along the production cycles. This was a hindrance to the growing service sector as more and more organisations began to have virtual processes that werenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t associated with the physical production of goods. Take for example, the travel trade. It was quite a challenge to ensure that organisations within this industry were able to conform to the guidelines in order to obtain ISO 9000 certification simply because of the lack of alignment between the requirements and the processes within such organisations. This new document is aimed at ensuring that this gap is closed and organisations with any business model can find themselves relating their processes to the needs of the document. In the ISO 9000 document, there were 20 individual areas that contained criteria that were to be met. This not only proved to be cumbersome and extremely time consuming, but these elements were not linked with each other. This provided stand alone views of an organisations capability to confirm to quality but there was the lack of a holistic picture. The new document ensures that the various areas that require compliance are integrated together so as to ensure a level of consistency across the organisation and create a process that drives the implementation of quality across all areas of the organisation. Additionally, the new document ensures that responsibilities are allocated to various management staff to ensure the implementation and coordination of quality processes. To aid this, the ISO 9001:2000 also provides a process management model that enables management staff to follow the quality guidelines according to a process. There is also a tracking process that allows the continuous monitoring of the progress on the quality process. This provides direction to the management teams and allows them to ensure that there is transparency in the implementation process and there are checks at every stage of the quality project. There was also the complaint of too many modules to conform to and the lengthy documentation procedures clubbed with the lack of education and training on how to present the process requirements to auditors in the past. This issue has also been addressed with the new guidelines and there are specific areas that educate management teams on how to create the final documents that need to be presented to the auditors for certification. In addition, it also ensures that there is an increased level of flexibility in creating the final documents by ensuring that i t relies on the rationality and not on the bureaucratic needs of the guideline. The ISO 9001:2000 also pushes organisations to ensure that it has the infrastructure to be able to organise or reorganise its systems and process to ensure that it meets compliance requirements. This is done through continuous checks and measures on the working environment and if it meets the required guidelines, the checks on compliance needs from the customer perspective and any other quality controlled areas such as research and development etc. The new guidelines also include a system by which organisations require to submit a formal review of how they can meet with customer expectations. This is an important audit phases since it keeps organisations on their toes all the time by ensuring that they are always striving towards a singular purpose of meeting their customer needs. To be able to meet the objectives that the customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s expect of these organisations, they would need t o communicate extensively with their customers, understand their satisfaction levels through continuous feedback, implement a system whereby they can incorporate that feedback to filter into areas for process and system improvements and finally, ensure a regular review of how happy the customers are with their enthusiasm to strive towards continuous improvement and providing them with improved quality goods and services. There is also the mechanism within the guidelines to ensure that the organisation can learn from the process capability studies that serve as templates to work from, it encourages various forms of design control which are loosely based on the rationale associated with project management and at the same time, it includes explanations of design requirements. The new document also found that with the advent of technology, there are numerous changes in the actual process of procurement and purchasing of raw materials and resources for the production of goods as we ll as a support function to other areas of the organisation. As opposed to traditional purchasing methods, the contemporary procurement processes revolve around sourcing the most economical supplier of goods from across the globe to be able to supply the organisation with value for money for the goods that they are looking to source. For instance, should an automotive company in China look to process cold rolled steel as a part of its resource requirement, in the past, it would have looked at either its domestic industry or the neighbouring countries. In any case, it was reliant on the steel trade to be able to dispense information to it on which are the most cost effective suppliers that it would be able to use. However, over time, the same automotive company now has the option of sourcing its steel from the most competitively priced steel supplier from across the globe. This happens through technological advances and primarily through the Internet. The guidelines look to incorpora te precisely this change in the supply and purchasing chain in the business arena. It manages to improve the definition of what really can be classified as procurement and purchasing and ensures that the definition is aligned to the contemporary needs and functions of todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s enterprises. Another important phase of the process chain in most organisations is the final delivery of goods from the premises of the organisation. Unlike previous documents, the ISO 9001:2000 looks to incorporate the quality at the time of delivery to the customer. In the past, there was far too much stress on the process that would is involved in the production of finished goods. The rationale was that as long as the processes are in perfect working order and free from defect, the organisation would be able to produce high quality goods. This however, neednà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t always be the case. There could be instances when the quality of inputs or resources used in the production chain is of poor quality and this would ultimately result in the production of poor quality goods no matter how stringent the processes were in the middle of the production cycle. Hence, the changes have been incorporated into the new guidelines and now, not only does it lay focus on the actual process that is required for the production of the goods, but also ensures that the finished products meets all the quality needs that are in sync with the demands and expectations of the end customer. As an extension to the above, the guidelines also ensure that service level requirements do not end with the production of good quality product but also include the post production and post sales services that are customer facing. The rationale behind this is that no matter how good the products or service offerings are, should an organisation fail to service the customer well after the sale is met, there is little chance of the customer remaining satisfied. This is how modern day organisations l ook at their business processes as well. The cycle ends with the return of customers to them for more of their goods and services as opposed to earlier business models where the accent was laid on delivery of goods and services. The document also utilises the requirements of the ISO 10012 which is a guideline that deals with à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Quality Assurance requirements for measuring equipmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. This is particularly handy when it comes to the manufacturing process or where precision tools are required in research and development in various industries. This in turn, provides a more realistic measure of the actual state of the quality process prevalent within an organisation since the ISO 10012 requirements clearly dictate requirements to conduct process measurements and audits at regular intervals to ensure an accurate measurement and tracking system. Interestingly, there is also a need for organisations to ensure that continually revalidate their products or s ervices even after they have passed the quality compliance needs. This is to ensure a level of consistency over a period of time and encourage an ethos within an organisation where everyone is constantly conscious of maintaining quality at the highest standards. To do this effectively, and as mentioned earlier, it is important that customers drive the quality needs of the organisations and so they would be the best source to validate the level of quality repeatedly. This system has been documented thereby making it impossible for organisations to cheat the system. In previous documents and guidelines, there was a lot of emphasis on what the gaps where within the processes chain or with quality compliance needs, but little or no mention of what the preventive actions were to ensure that organisations do not get to a stage where quality becomes an issue. Hence, there was a need for proactive steps for organisations to take to stay away from quality failures. This new document revea ls just that for organisations by ensuring that they can take proactive steps to ensure that they prevent quality mishaps and at the same time, shows them how to address faults in their system through corrective measures. These areas were not covered substantially in previous documents making it difficult for organisations to put their processes right once they had in fact, gone wrong. (Tricker, Ray (2001) ISO 9001:2000 for Small Business, pg: 23-24) The rationale in modern day businesses is that in order to maintain the highest levels of quality, they would need to constantly strive for more than they need to achieve. In addition to this, organisations would also need to ensure that they continually improve what they have and raise their benchmarks after every success. The new document strives to encourage exactly this. It pushes organisations towards the process of continuous improvement. Lastly, the document ensures that all its requirements are in sync with the overall man agement systems that are in place within an organisation and attempts to work around them by keeping the management objectives as a key focus area. To sum this up, there are 8 main areas within the business functions that have been targeted in the new ISO 9001:2000 guidelines. These are: Customers The document understands the over-riding importance of the customer in todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s businesses, so much so that most business models need to be developed and adapted around the customers that they propose to influence. Hence, these guidelines are extremely customer focussed and are driven by customer expectations of quality from the organisation. Leadership To provide any organisation with direction, it requires leadership and initiative to move it as a singular entity towards a common purpose. Involvement Quality controls require enormous motivational needs from within the organisation and the best way to do this is to ensure that as many employees are inv olved so that the value is well understood and implementation becomes easier in the longer run. Process Systems can be easily understood and monitored when they are broken down into manageable processes. Systems As mentioned above, systems are imperative to an organisation to ensure that there is a certain order and at the same time, it lends purpose to the organisation by giving it focus. The last 3 areas are continuous improvement which ensures that organisations are constantly striving towards improvements, a fact based approach towards decision-making which requires leaders to take decision on hard evidence as opposed to guess-work and lastly, that all relationships with suppliers should be beneficial to everyone to ensure a long lasting relationship. (Shankar, Nitin. K., ISO 9000 for a Small Planet, Quality, Sep2002, Vol. 41 Issue 9, p27, 5p) (Hoyle, David (1998) ISO 9000 Pocket Guide, pg: 2-29) BIBLIOGRAPHY Tricker, Ray (2001) ISO 9001:2000 for Small Business, GB, pg: 13-83 Shankar, Nitin. K., ISO 9000 for a Small Planet, Quality, Sep2002, Vol. 41 Issue 9, p27, 5p ISO Standard Provides Measurement Management System, Professional Safety; Jul2003, Vol. 48 Issue 7, p10, 1/7p EU Seeks to Improve Regulations, Business the Environment with ISO 14000 Updates; May2005, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p14, 5/9p Brown, Tony (1993) Understanding BS5750 and other Quality Systems, GB, Cambridge University Press, pg: 144 Hoyle, David (1998) ISO 9000 Pocket Guide, GB, martin the Printers Ltd., Berwick-upon-Tweed, pg: 2-29 Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The main perspectives of quality management" essay for you Create order

Geographic Information Systems ( Gis ) - 851 Words

Since the dawn of time, humanity has always been interested in discovering, locating and delineating the whereabouts of the world in which it lives. This is why man decided to create the map. For centuries, maps were created by hand to depict various known locations locally or globally. Now, with the advent of new technology, maps can easily be generated by a computer, especially through using GIS (Geographic Information Systems) software. I have always been fascinated by maps, geography, and understanding how everything is arranged in the world. Since GIS allows for the creation of maps depicting the arrangements of an area in the world using geographic data, there is nothing else in this world I could be more passionate about. Geographic Information Systems pose many benefits to mankind. For instance, it has helped farms adequately provide the food we need for nourishment. GIS helps farmers make informed decisions on the best locations to farm and what benefits the lands can provide them, hence increasing their food production. The GIS software can be used to map land digitally while collecting important information needed to grow crops such as the topography or lay of the land combined with other statistical data allowing for easier analysis of the soil. In turn, this makes it easier for farmers to not only decide what and where to plant but also how to improve their methods of crop production so that they can earn more and better feed the world. GIS can also beShow MoreRelatedGeographic Information Systems ( Gis )1373 Words   |  6 PagesGeographic Information Systems (GIS) has had one of the biggest impacts on the discipline of modern day geography. Roger Tomlinson coined the term GIS in the early 1960s in Canada. Tomlinson defined GIS in its early days as a computer application designed to perform certain specific functions (Coppock et al; 1991). GIS is interdisciplinary in nature, having a distinctive role in geography. The application created for the Canada GIS department was designed to summarize and tabulate land inventoryRead MoreGeographic Information Systems (Gis)1081 Words   |  5 PagesThe term Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a term used to refer to a system installed in a computer capable of manipulating, assembling, displaying and storing information that has been geographically referenced. Large volumes of data are mapped, analyzed and modeled using a single database depending on their locations . In short, the software gives one power to create maps. Information such latitudes, longitudes, elevations and ZIP codes are fed into the system and the results can be used toRead MoreThe Geographic Information System ( Gis ) Essay1995 Words   |  8 Pageson the use of computers and computerised information, so much so that we rarely notice when an activity or action involves the use of technology. Over the past 30 years, technology has continued to develop into extremely complex systems capable of processing large amounts of data. It is now possible to represent not only numbers and letters, but also images, sounds and maps (Bernhardsen, 2002, p. 1). A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computer system or application designed to perform a varietyRead MoreGis : An Abbreviation For Geographic Information Systems Essay792 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction GIS is an abbreviation for Geographic Information Systems. GIS is a perfect blend of geography and technology. People can accumulate various forms of location data (both tangible and intangible) and produce living, breathing maps. By utilizing the power of Geographic Information Systems, users can create powerful applications. These applications can range in size from being small (surveying a single farm) to large (displaying real time voting across the country in a presidential election)Read MoreHistory Of Geographic Information Systems ( Gis )1942 Words   |  8 PagesThe History of Geographic Information Systems Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are a way that information can embedded into and retrieved from maps, today this is done using computers, because of the complexity of the information that can be used, but was once done manually. GIS has become common place in the modern world that we live in, they are useful for simple things such basic maps to much more complex tasks including research and statistics, city planning, as well as many more. OneRead MoreCrime Mapping : Using Gis And Geographic Information Systems Of University Of Nairobi4473 Words   |  18 PagesCRIME MAPPING IN KENYA: USING GIS TO EXAMINE CRIME SITUATION IN ELDORET METROPOLIS By CAROLINE JEPKEMBOI CHEPLONG A RESEARCH CONCEPT NOTE SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFIMENT OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS OF UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI JULY, 2015 ABSTRACT Technological advancements such as Geospatial Information Systems (GIS) and the Internet have made it easier and affordable to share information, which enables complex and time sensitive decisionsRead MoreGeographic Information Systems (Gis)2537 Words   |  11 PagesGEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS) AND TERRORIST ATTACKS OF OKLAHOMA CITY BOMBING AND THE WORLD TRADE CENTER Submitted To Mark Stallo School of Graduate Studies Of Tiffin University In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the graduate course Geographic Information Systems ENF 622 In the School of Criminal Justice Summer Quarter 2006 by Oscar Young Geographic Information Systems (GIS) And Terrorist Attacks Of Oklahoma City Bombing And The World TradeRead MoreUsing Geographic Information System ( Gis )1004 Words   |  5 Pagesparameter instead of the subindex values. Given to difficulty of carrying out water quality studies as well as inaccessibility of some areas, hydrogeologists began to use Geographic Information System (GIS) to allow a better understanding of the water quality parameters (Selvam et al., 2013). Babiker et al., 2007 proposed a GIS-based GQI which water quality parameters were translated into a new index regarding the World Health Organization (WHO) standards using a statistical methodology. VariousRead MoreThe History Of Geographic Information Systems ( Gis )3922 Words   |  16 PagesIntroduction: Recent research on interpolation of climatological and meteorological information with the support of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has shown that interpolation has a large development potential within climatology and meteorology. At the same time the demand for interpolated data products are increasing, numerical weather models are working at higher spatial resolutions and may be initiated by gridded data from observations. Interpolation is a method of getting new data fromRead MoreInformation On Geographic Information Science950 Words   |  4 Pages Geographic Information Science: It is the general term for mapping technologies which was used by different sectors and it was the foundation for Geographic Information Systems. It spatial data in the form of ïÆ'Ëœ Digital Maps ïÆ'Ëœ Digital Aerial Photos ïÆ'Ëœ Remotely sensed Imagery ïÆ'Ëœ Global positioning system Coordinates. These helps assess, plan and control many facets of society. Some Important characteristics Geographic Information. 1. It is often relatively static. †¢ Natural features and many human

Dna Synopsis Free Essays

DNA, RNA, PROTEINS STARTS WITH ? Name _______________________________ 1. DNA that is spread out in the nucleus of a non-dividing cell so it can be read is called _C_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ . 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Dna Synopsis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The group of 3 nitrogen bases in the mRNA message that is read together is called a _C_ __ __ __ __. 3. In dividing cells, the DNA is scrunched into _C_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ so it can be moved. 4. The mRNA message tells the ribosomes which _A_ __ __ __ __ _A_ __ __ __ to put in next when it makes a _P_ __ __ __ __ __ __. 5. Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil are all _N_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _B_ __ __ __ __. . Chromosomes are made when DNA wraps around _H_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ to make bead-like structures called _N_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __. 7. M_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ RNA is copied from DNA in the _N_ __ __ __ __ __ __, edited, and transferred to _R_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ in the cytoplasm to be translated into a protein 8. The process of making a DNA copy is called _R_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __. 9. _N_ __ __ __ __ __ __ _A_ __ __ __ __ (like DNA and RNA) are made by joining _N_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ subunits together in a chain. 10. T_ __ __ _ _ __ __ __ __ RNA has an _A_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ region that matches the codon on an m-RNA message. 11. The process of making an RNA message from DNA is called _T_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ and it happens in the _N_ __ __ __ __ __ __. 12. _R_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ RNA is made by the _N_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ and joins with _P_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ to make ribosomes. 13. Another name for protein synthesis is _T_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __. 14. _R_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ molecules attach to the _O_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ to turn off the lac operon when _L_ __ __ __ __ __ __ is NOT present. 5. _H_ __ __ genes are found in EUKARYOTIC cells and control growth and differentiation in developing embryos. 16. _S_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ are chromosomal mutations in which one nitrogen base replaces another in the gene code. 17. _F_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ mutations that happen at the beginning of the code are more harmful than those at the end because they c hange more of the message. 18. Small pieces of code called _I_ __ __ __ __ __ __ are cut out of the RNA message before it is read; while _E_ __ __ __ __ stay in the message and are expressed. 9. 3n or 4n plants with _P_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ are bigger and stronger, but humans with this condition don’t survive. 20. _T_ __ __ __ boxes help position the _R_ __ __ _P_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ enzyme. 21. _U_ __ __ __ __ __ is the nitrogen base NOT found in _D_ __ __ and _T_ __ __ __ __ __ __ is the nitrogen base NOT found in _R_ __ __. 22. Nitrogen bases made with _O_ __ __ ring are called _P_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ and nitrogen bases made with _T_ __ __ rings are called _P_ __ __ __ __ __ __. 23. In prokaryotic cells, a group of genes that work together is called an _O_ __ __ __ __ __. 24. James _W_ __ __ __ __ __ and Francis _C_ __ __ __ __ are the scientists who used Rosalind _F_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __’s X-ray images to figure out that DNA is shaped like a â€Å"twisted ladder† with _P_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ and _S_ __ __ __ __ __ forming the sides of the ladder, _N_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ bases forming the rungs, and _H_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ bonds acting as â€Å"glue† to hold the two sides together. (OVER) 25. I_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ are mutations in which a piece of code breaks, flips, and reattaches backwards; while _T_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ move a piece of DNA to another non-homologous chromosome. 26. In _G_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __’s mice-pneumonia experiment, lethal bacteria passed genetic material to harmless bacteria in a process called _T_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __. 27. According to _C_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __‘s rules when making DNA, _A_ __ __ __ __ __ __ always bonds with _T_ __ __ __ __ __ __ and _C_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ always bonds with _G_ __ __ __ __ __ __. 8. Viruses that infect bacteria (like the one used in _H_ __ __ __ __ __ __- _C_ __ __ __ __ ‘s blender experiment which proved DNA was the genetic material) are called _B_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __. 29. _T_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ are sequences of DNA that can jump from one location to another and are thought to be involved in increasing mutations in cells; they are sometimes called â€Å"_J_ __ __ __ __ __† genes. 30. A DNA molecule is said to be _A_ __ __ __- _P_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ because the two complementary strands run in opposite directions. How to cite Dna Synopsis, Papers

Compensation Benefits free essay sample

Compensation and Benefits in the Twenty-first Century ? Abstract Team platinum will explore compensation and benefits in the 21st century. Any review of total compensation must include the crucial areas of health and retirement benefits and financial compensation, as well as discuss the implications of pivotal changes in the market and demographics which impact organizations and overall performance management issues. There are several different compensation and benefit strategies that can be combined in innovative ways to meet the needs of the both the organization and the diverse needs of the employees. The proper administration of a total compensation and benefits package is a critical aspect in an organization’s ability to recruit and retain the most qualified applicants in today’s competitive market. ? Table of Contents Abstract2 Compensation and Benefits in the 21st Century4 Compensation4 Base Pay5 Variable Pay6 Benefits7 Retirement Insurance Benefits9 Benefits Impact9 Advantages and Disadvantages of Retirement Plans10 Insurance Plans Comparison12 Pivotal Change14 Technology14 Generational Diversity15 Trust16 Performance Management17 A Tool for Success18 Shared Expectations18 Advantages and Disadvantages19 Conclusion20 References21 Compensation and Benefits in the Twenty-first Century Many of the leading organizations in the 21st century must be competitive in many ways. We will write a custom essay sample on Compensation Benefits or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Due to the fact that a large portion of the money they spend goes to their employees, they must have a system in place that compensates their employees competitively and falls in line with the organizational goals. Organizations must not only determine compensation, but must also determine the benefits that will be offered, consider the changing job market and demographics of the personnel pool, as well as what type of performance management they plan to incorporate in order to succeed. This paper will discuss four segments regarding Compensation and Benefits in the 21st Century. These four segments include: Compensation is an important aspect of Human Resource Management, Benefits are an integral and important aspect of a total compensation plan, the Changing job market and demographics of the personnel pool have a pivotal impact on Human Resources Management, and Performance management is a key facet of organizational success. It is hoped that a better understanding of compensation and benefits is achieved at the conclusion of this paper. Compensation Webster’s dictionary defines compensation as payment for services such as wages (Webster’s New World College Dictionary, 2006, p. 97). According to the book, Human Resource Management, there are three basic forms of employee compensation; they are base pay, variable pay, and benefits (Mathis Jackson, 2008). Some companies offer compensation packages where these three forms of compensation are combined or grouped together. The book, Salary Negotiation Tips for Professionals, points out that all e mployees must know what they are worth and make sure the compensation reflects it (Krannich and Krannich, 2005). The next few paragraphs will break down and discuss each of the three forms of compensation. Base Pay The first type of compensation is base pay. The textbook, Human Resource Management, defines base pay as the â€Å"basic compensation that an employee receives, usually as a wage or salary† (Mathis Jackson, 2008, p. 361). Most companies use 2 types of base pay and they are either hourly or salary. The way an employee is paid usually goes by the nature of the job. Hourly pay is based on a time scale. The employee will keep some sort of time sheet and will be paid based on the number of hours worked in either a one or two week period and that is called a wage. Whereas salaried employees are paid a set amount and that amount is the same no matter how many hours they work. Usually only hourly employees can earn pay for overtime worked, but overtime pay can be paid to salaried employees and that is defined by state and federal laws (Mathis Jackson, 2008). When it comes to an individual trying to figure out how much pay they feel they deserve to be paid, they must consider the job they are applying for and the compensation packages the organization is offering. They must decide what is important to them. Do they want benefits like family insurance, dental insurance, profit sharing or other perks?